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the housing quality inspection station of MCC Construction Research Institute (Shanghai) Co
, Ltd
is supervised and guided by Shanghai housing quality inspection center and relevant departments in business
Founded in 1955, it is a large comprehensive research and development institution in the field of construction industry and environmental protection in China

The company's house quality inspection station is a high-tech service institution with class a qualification in Shanghai, such as house quality inspection, house seismic inspection and appraisal and related technical service consultation
It is one of the most powerful house quality inspection stations in Shanghai
China Metallurgical Construction Research Institute Co
, Ltd
, national industrial building diagnosis and Reconstruction Engineering Technology Research Center, national steel structure engineering technology research center, etc
provide comprehensive technical support for the testing station

In the process of building construction, suspension and renewal, or in the process of use, when it is necessary to add floors, insert floors, expand, or change a large range of structural system or use functions, the original structure needs to be subject to seismic evaluation, including the detection of the original structure, the identification of the original structural system and structure, the structural seismic check calculation according to the reconstructed structure, and the comprehensive evaluation of the seismic performance of the reconstructed structure and the feasibility of the reconstruction scheme, If necessary, the optimization measures of the reconstruction scheme and the seismic reinforcement measures of the original structure are proposed
Generally, the seismic evaluation of building reconstruction must be based on the current seismic design standards
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1
Test items
The process of evaluating the safety of the house under the seismic action of the specified intensity by detecting the quality status of the house and according to the specified seismic fortification requirements

2
Scope of application
Houses without seismic fortification or with a fortification level lower than the current regulations, especially protective buildings, urban lifeline projects and reconstruction and storey adding projects

3
Test content and process
1) the main detection parameters are:
Inclination, settlement, cracks, foundation, masonry structural members, wood structural members, concrete structural members, steel structural members, etc
the detection of various parameters is generally on-site detection

2) off site inspection items include:
A
in the detection of concrete structural members, the concrete strength is detected by the concrete core drilling method;
b
In the inspection of steel structural members, the steel tensile strength test method is used to detect the tensile strength of steel specimens, and the steel bending strength test method is used to detect the bending deformation capacity of steel specimens

c
In the testing of wood structural members, the compressive, tensile and shear strength tests along the grain of wood, the flexural strength and elastic modulus tests of wood, and the transverse compressive strength tests of wood

3) detection process:
1
Collect the original data such as the geological survey report, as built drawings and project acceptance documents of the house, and supplement the engineering geological survey when necessary

2
Comprehensively inspect and record the damaged parts, scope and extent of the building foundation, bearing structure and enclosure structure

3
Investigate and analyze the characteristics, structural layout, structure and other seismic measures of the building structure, and review the seismic bearing capacity

4
The test items of mechanical properties of building structural materials should be determined according to the needs of structural bearing capacity checking calculation

5
General houses shall be subject to the comprehensive seismic capacity analysis in accordance with the standard for seismic evaluation of buildings GB50023-95, using the corresponding level by level evaluation method

The seismic evaluation method is divided into two levels
The first level appraisal is based on macro control and structural appraisal for comprehensive evaluation, and the second level appraisal is based on seismic checking calculation, combined with structural impact for comprehensive evaluation of seismic capacity of buildings

When the house meets the requirements of the first level seismic appraisal, the house can be rated as meeting the requirements of the seismic appraisal, and the second level appraisal is no longer required; Otherwise, it should be judged by the second level seismic evaluation

6
Evaluate the overall anti-seismic capacity of the existing houses, and put forward necessary suggestions on anti-seismic reinforcement measures and anti-seismic and disaster reduction countermeasures for the houses that do not meet the anti-seismic requirements according to the relevant technical standards

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Post fire detection and identification of building structures

1
Main work contents of preliminary identification of post fire detection of building structures
1) preliminary investigation of structure status
Determine the structural damage after fire by visual observation or using simple tools, check the damage characteristics, determine the scope of fire impact, and evaluate the burning damage level

2) consult documents and evidence
It includes consulting the fire report, original design drawings, construction acceptance data, use data and other relevant documents, and checking with the actual structural conditions to confirm the accuracy of documents and evidence data

3) conduct preliminary inspection and verification
It includes: understanding the cause and location of the fire, the process and time of combustion (especially detonation and ignition), the methods and means of extinguishing the fire, finding the evidence of temperature determination, preliminarily inferring the temperature distribution, and judging the damage and danger degree of components

4) put forward preliminary identification conclusions and suggestions
Clarify whether the building structure needs to be completely or partially demolished after the fire, and put forward safety emergency measures for dangerous areas and dangerous components

5) put forward detailed appraisal suggestions and schemes for the structural construction that needs detailed appraisal

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2
The main work contents of the detailed detection and appraisal of building structures after fire are as follows:
1) formulate a detailed appraisal plan
It includes: studying the preliminary identification results, consulting and studying relevant documents in detail, and formulating detailed investigation, detection and analysis plans

2) investigate and analyze the fire temperature, action time and scope
Including: check the fire fighting report and fire investigation report, and judge the temperature and action range of the fire site through the residues of the fire site and the apparent characteristics of the structure; Investigate and determine the fire load, ventilation conditions, etc
, and analyze and calculate the fire site temperature if necessary; Draw the temperature curve and maximum temperature distribution diagram during the fire process

3) carry out detailed inspection on the current situation of structural members
Including: detection of burning damage, material performance degradation, structural and component deformation, cracking, etc

4) structural analysis
Including: structural action analysis, resistance analysis and other performance analysis

5) put forward appraisal conclusions and suggestions
It includes: evaluating the reliability grade of the structure, putting forward the appraisal conclusion, and putting forward the treatment opinions and suggestions

　　 3
Main detection contents and schemes of building structure fire
1) investigation of fire action and its impact on components
2) routine measurement: uneven settlement and inclination test of buildings;
　　　 Test method: use level and theodolite to test uneven settlement and inclination
Through the test of uneven settlement and inclination, the current safety situation of building foundation is analyzed

3) deformation measurement to determine the structural rating, including steel beams, steel columns, purlins, etc;
4) hardness (strength) test of steel;
　　　 Test method: steel hardness tester shall be used for testing, and sampling chemical analysis shall be carried out when necessary

4
Post fire appraisal report of building structure
Comply with the relevant provisions of the standard for reliability appraisal of civil buildings (gb50292) and the standard for reliability appraisal of industrial buildings (gb50144), and include the following main contents:
1) fire overview
2) fire action investigation and analysis results;
3) fire impact detection and analysis results;
4) evaluation results of burning damage grade of structural members
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